MarketAlly.AIPlugin.Extensions/MarketAlly.AIPlugin.Analysis/Infrastructure/ErrorHandling.cs

using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace MarketAlly.AIPlugin.Analysis.Infrastructure
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Enhanced error handling utilities for analysis operations
    /// </summary>
    public static class ErrorHandling
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Executes an operation with retry logic and comprehensive error handling
        /// </summary>
        public static async Task<T> ExecuteWithRetryAsync<T>(
            Func<Task<T>> operation,
            int maxRetries = 3,
            TimeSpan? delay = null,
            ILogger? logger = null,
            CancellationToken cancellationToken = default,
            [CallerMemberName] string callerName = "",
            [CallerFilePath] string callerFilePath = "",
            [CallerLineNumber] int callerLineNumber = 0)
        {
            var actualDelay = delay ?? TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1);
            var exceptions = new List<Exception>();
            var stopwatch = Stopwatch.StartNew();

            for (int attempt = 0; attempt <= maxRetries; attempt++)
            {
                try
                {
                    cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
                    
                    logger?.LogDebug("Executing operation {OperationName}, attempt {Attempt}/{MaxRetries}", 
                        callerName, attempt + 1, maxRetries + 1);

                    var result = await operation();
                    
                    if (attempt > 0)
                    {
                        logger?.LogInformation("Operation {OperationName} succeeded after {Attempts} attempts in {Duration}ms", 
                            callerName, attempt + 1, stopwatch.ElapsedMilliseconds);
                    }

                    return result;
                }
                catch (OperationCanceledException) when (cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested)
                {
                    logger?.LogWarning("Operation {OperationName} was cancelled after {Attempts} attempts", 
                        callerName, attempt + 1);
                    throw;
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    exceptions.Add(ex);
                    
                    logger?.LogWarning(ex, "Operation {OperationName} failed on attempt {Attempt}/{MaxRetries} at {Location}", 
                        callerName, attempt + 1, maxRetries + 1, $"{callerFilePath}:{callerLineNumber}");

                    if (attempt == maxRetries)
                    {
                        logger?.LogError("Operation {OperationName} failed after {Attempts} attempts in {Duration}ms", 
                            callerName, attempt + 1, stopwatch.ElapsedMilliseconds);
                        
                        throw new AggregateException($"Operation {callerName} failed after {maxRetries + 1} attempts", exceptions);
                    }

                    if (ShouldRetry(ex))
                    {
                        var nextDelay = CalculateDelay(actualDelay, attempt);
                        logger?.LogDebug("Retrying operation {OperationName} in {Delay}ms", callerName, nextDelay.TotalMilliseconds);
                        
                        await Task.Delay(nextDelay, cancellationToken);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        logger?.LogError(ex, "Operation {OperationName} failed with non-retryable exception", callerName);
                        throw;
                    }
                }
            }

            throw new InvalidOperationException("This should never be reached");
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Executes an operation with comprehensive error handling (non-generic version)
        /// </summary>
        public static async Task ExecuteWithRetryAsync(
            Func<Task> operation,
            int maxRetries = 3,
            TimeSpan? delay = null,
            ILogger? logger = null,
            CancellationToken cancellationToken = default,
            [CallerMemberName] string callerName = "",
            [CallerFilePath] string callerFilePath = "",
            [CallerLineNumber] int callerLineNumber = 0)
        {
            await ExecuteWithRetryAsync(async () =>
            {
                await operation();
                return true; // Dummy return value
            }, maxRetries, delay, logger, cancellationToken, callerName, callerFilePath, callerLineNumber);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Safely executes an operation and returns a result with error information
        /// </summary>
        public static async Task<OperationResult<T>> SafeExecuteAsync<T>(
            Func<Task<T>> operation,
            ILogger? logger = null,
            [CallerMemberName] string callerName = "",
            [CallerFilePath] string callerFilePath = "",
            [CallerLineNumber] int callerLineNumber = 0)
        {
            var stopwatch = Stopwatch.StartNew();
            
            try
            {
                logger?.LogDebug("Starting safe execution of {OperationName}", callerName);
                
                var result = await operation();
                
                logger?.LogDebug("Safe execution of {OperationName} completed successfully in {Duration}ms", 
                    callerName, stopwatch.ElapsedMilliseconds);
                
                return OperationResult<T>.Success(result, stopwatch.Elapsed);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                logger?.LogError(ex, "Safe execution of {OperationName} failed at {Location} after {Duration}ms", 
                    callerName, $"{callerFilePath}:{callerLineNumber}", stopwatch.ElapsedMilliseconds);
                
                return OperationResult<T>.Failure(ex, stopwatch.Elapsed);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Creates a timeout wrapper for operations
        /// </summary>
        public static async Task<T> WithTimeoutAsync<T>(
            Func<CancellationToken, Task<T>> operation,
            TimeSpan timeout,
            ILogger? logger = null,
            [CallerMemberName] string callerName = "")
        {
            using var cts = new CancellationTokenSource(timeout);
            
            try
            {
                logger?.LogDebug("Starting operation {OperationName} with timeout {Timeout}ms", 
                    callerName, timeout.TotalMilliseconds);
                
                return await operation(cts.Token);
            }
            catch (OperationCanceledException) when (cts.Token.IsCancellationRequested)
            {
                logger?.LogWarning("Operation {OperationName} timed out after {Timeout}ms", 
                    callerName, timeout.TotalMilliseconds);
                
                throw new TimeoutException($"Operation {callerName} timed out after {timeout.TotalMilliseconds}ms");
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Handles exceptions from plugin operations with detailed logging
        /// </summary>
        public static PluginErrorInfo HandlePluginException(
            Exception exception,
            string pluginName,
            string operationName,
            ILogger? logger = null)
        {
            var errorInfo = new PluginErrorInfo
            {
                PluginName = pluginName,
                OperationName = operationName,
                Exception = exception,
                Timestamp = DateTime.UtcNow,
                ErrorType = ClassifyError(exception),
                Severity = DetermineSeverity(exception),
                Recoverable = IsRecoverable(exception)
            };

            logger?.Log(GetLogLevel(errorInfo.Severity), exception,
                "Plugin {PluginName} failed during {OperationName}: {ErrorType} - {ErrorMessage}",
                pluginName, operationName, errorInfo.ErrorType, exception.Message);

            return errorInfo;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Determines if an exception should trigger a retry
        /// </summary>
        private static bool ShouldRetry(Exception exception)
        {
            return exception switch
            {
                OperationCanceledException => false,
                ArgumentNullException => false,
                ArgumentException => false,
                InvalidOperationException => false,
                NotSupportedException => false,
                UnauthorizedAccessException => false,
                System.IO.FileNotFoundException => false,
                System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException => false,
                System.IO.IOException => true,
                TimeoutException => true,
                _ => true
            };
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Calculates exponential backoff delay
        /// </summary>
        private static TimeSpan CalculateDelay(TimeSpan baseDelay, int attempt)
        {
            var exponentialDelay = TimeSpan.FromTicks(baseDelay.Ticks * (long)Math.Pow(2, attempt));
            var jitter = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(Random.Shared.Next(0, 100));
            return exponentialDelay + jitter;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Classifies the type of error for better handling
        /// </summary>
        private static string ClassifyError(Exception exception)
        {
            return exception switch
            {
                ArgumentException => "Configuration",
                UnauthorizedAccessException => "Security",
                System.IO.IOException => "IO",
                TimeoutException => "Timeout",
                OutOfMemoryException => "Memory",
                StackOverflowException => "Stack",
                OperationCanceledException => "Cancellation",
                _ => "General"
            };
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Determines the severity of an error
        /// </summary>
        private static ErrorSeverity DetermineSeverity(Exception exception)
        {
            return exception switch
            {
                OutOfMemoryException => ErrorSeverity.Critical,
                StackOverflowException => ErrorSeverity.Critical,
                UnauthorizedAccessException => ErrorSeverity.High,
                System.IO.FileNotFoundException => ErrorSeverity.Medium,
                System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException => ErrorSeverity.Medium,
                ArgumentException => ErrorSeverity.Medium,
                TimeoutException => ErrorSeverity.Low,
                OperationCanceledException => ErrorSeverity.Low,
                _ => ErrorSeverity.Medium
            };
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Determines if an error is recoverable
        /// </summary>
        private static bool IsRecoverable(Exception exception)
        {
            return exception switch
            {
                OutOfMemoryException => false,
                StackOverflowException => false,
                UnauthorizedAccessException => false,
                System.IO.FileNotFoundException => false,
                System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException => false,
                ArgumentException => false,
                TimeoutException => true,
                System.IO.IOException => true,
                _ => true
            };
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets appropriate log level for error severity
        /// </summary>
        private static LogLevel GetLogLevel(ErrorSeverity severity)
        {
            return severity switch
            {
                ErrorSeverity.Critical => LogLevel.Critical,
                ErrorSeverity.High => LogLevel.Error,
                ErrorSeverity.Medium => LogLevel.Warning,
                ErrorSeverity.Low => LogLevel.Information,
                _ => LogLevel.Warning
            };
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Result of an operation with error handling
    /// </summary>
    public class OperationResult<T>
    {
        public bool IsSuccess { get; private set; }
        public T? Value { get; private set; }
        public Exception? Exception { get; private set; }
        public TimeSpan Duration { get; private set; }
        public string? ErrorMessage => Exception?.Message;

        private OperationResult(bool isSuccess, T? value, Exception? exception, TimeSpan duration)
        {
            IsSuccess = isSuccess;
            Value = value;
            Exception = exception;
            Duration = duration;
        }

        public static OperationResult<T> Success(T value, TimeSpan duration)
        {
            return new OperationResult<T>(true, value, null, duration);
        }

        public static OperationResult<T> Failure(Exception exception, TimeSpan duration)
        {
            return new OperationResult<T>(false, default, exception, duration);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Information about plugin errors
    /// </summary>
    public class PluginErrorInfo
    {
        public string PluginName { get; set; } = string.Empty;
        public string OperationName { get; set; } = string.Empty;
        public Exception? Exception { get; set; }
        public DateTime Timestamp { get; set; }
        public string ErrorType { get; set; } = string.Empty;
        public ErrorSeverity Severity { get; set; }
        public bool Recoverable { get; set; }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Error severity levels
    /// </summary>
    public enum ErrorSeverity
    {
        Low,
        Medium,
        High,
        Critical
    }
}